What are PERSONAL PRONOUNS?

• There are different types of pronouns. Today we will focus on PERSONAL ones.
• PERSONAL PRONOUNS are words like I, you, he, she, it, we or they.
• We use them to refer to something without actually naming it.

SINGULAR PERSONAL PRONOUNS

• Nominative case.
  • Ja śpiewam./ I am singing. 
  • Ja biegam./ I am running.
  • Ty śpiewasz./ You are singing. 
  • Ty biegasz./ You are running.
  • On śpiewa./ He is singing. 
  • On biega./ He is running.
  • Ona śpiewa./ She is singing. 
  • Ona biega./ She is running.
  • Ono śpiewa./ It is singing.
  • Ono biega./ It is running.

I	You	He	She	It
JA	TY	On	ONA	ONO

PLURAL PERSONAL PRONOUNS

• Nominative case.
  • My śpiewamy./ We are singing.
  • My biegamy./ We are running.
  • Wy śpiewacie./ You are singing.
  • Wy biegacie./ You are running.
  • Oni śpiewają./ They are singing.
  • Oni biegają./ They are running.
  • One śpiewają./ They are singing.
  • One biegają./ They are running.  

We	You	They (masculine)	They (non-masculine)
MY	WY	ONI	ONE

• “YOU”
  • “TY” – second person singular
  • “WY” – second person plurar
    • Ty jesteś szczęśliwy./ You are happy.
    • Wy jesteście szczęśliwi. /You are happy.

• NO PERSONAL PRONOUN NEEDED
  • You don’t need to use the pronoun, as verbs indicate who it is about.
    • *(Ty) jesteś szczęśliwy./ You are happy.
    • *(Wy) jesteście szczęśliwi. /You are happy.
    • You can but you don’t have to use “ty” and “we” in the examples above.

• “ONI” or “ONE”
  • In the Polish language, we have got two versions of “THEY”.
    • “ONI” – 3rd person plural (masculine) – if there is at least one male
    • “ONE” – 3rd person plural (non-masculine) – if there are females only
      
  • Oni są szczęśliwi./ They (masculine) are happy.
  • One są szczęśliwe./ They (non-masculine) are happy.
  • Oni są smutni./ They (masculine) are sad.
  • One są smutne./ They (non-masculine) are sad.

FORMAL PERSONAL PRONOUNS

It is rude to address someone with “TY” if this person is older than you, or if you are in a business situation. There are formal personal pronouns for such cases.  

PAN	sir/Mr
PANI	Mrs/Ms/Ma’am

PANOWIE	gentlemen
PANIE	ladies
PAŃSTWO	mixed

CONJUGATION

• The PRONOUNS CHANGE FOR EACH CASE.
• So far we’ve discussed the basic case: NOMINATIVE.

• Before you start learning PRONOUN CONJUGATIONS, you should first be sure you know well how to use them in the nominative case.

	NOMINATIVE	GENITIVE	DATIVE	ACCUSATIVE	INSTRUMENTAL	LOCATIVE
I	1. JA	MNIE	MI	MNIE	MNĄ	MNIE
you	2. TY	CIĘ	CI	CIĘ	TOBĄ	TOBIE
he	3. ON	GO	MU	GO	NIM	NIM
she	4. ONA	JEJ	JEJ	JĄ	JĄ	NIEJ
it	5. ONO	GO	MU	JE	NIM	NIM
we	6. MY	NAS	NAM	NAS	NAMI	NAS
you-plural	7. WY	WAS	WAM	WAS	WAMI	WAS
they- masc.	8. ONI	ICH	IM	ICH	NIMI	NICH
they-non-masc.	9. ONE	ICH	IM	JE	NIMI	NICH

Now it’s time for the examples:

1. JA mieszkam w Warszawie./ I live in Warsaw.
   Oni szukają MNIE./ They are searching for me.
   Ona zrobiła to MI./ She did it to me. 
   Ty widzisz MNIE. / You see me.
   Chodź ze MNĄ./ Come with me.
   Jest książka o MNIE./ There is a book about me.

2. TY mieszkasz w Warszawie./ You live in Warsaw.
   Oni szukają CIEBIE./ They are searching for you.
   Ona CI to zrobiła./ She did it to you. 
   On widzi CIEBIE. / He sees you.
   Ona idzie z TOBĄ./ She is coming with you.
   Jest książka o TOBIE./ There is a book about you.

3. ON mieszka w Warszawie./ He lives in Warsaw.
   Oni szukają GO./ They are searching for him.
   Ona MU to zrobiła./ She did it to him. 
   Ona widzi GO. / She sees him.
   Ona idzie z NIM./ She is coming with him.
   Jest książka o NIM./ There is a book about him.

4. ONA mieszka w Warszawie./ She lives in Warsaw.
   Oni szukają JEJ./ They are searching for her.
   On JEJ to zrobił./ He did it to her. 
   Oni widzą JĄ. / They see her.
   On idzie z NIĄ./ He is coming with her.
   Jest książka o NIEJ./ There is a book about her.

5. ONO mieszka w Warszawie./ *It lives in Warsaw.   
   Oni szukają GO./ They are searching for it.
   Ona MU to zrobiła./ She did it to it. 
   Ona widzi GO. / She sees it.
   Ona idzie z NIM./ She is coming with it.
   Jest książka o NIM./ There is a book about it.
   *IT-> a kid/ a dog…

6. MY mieszkamy w Warszawie./ We live in Warsaw.
   Oni szukają NAS./ They are searching for us.
   Ona NAM to zrobiła./ She did it to us. 
   Ona widzi NAS. / She sees us.
   Ona idzie z NAMI./ She is coming with us.
   Jest książka o NAS./ There is a book about him.

7. WY mieszkacie w Warszawie./ You live in Warsaw.
   Oni szukają WAS./ They are searching for you.
   Ona WAM to zrobiła./ She did it to you. 
   Ona widzi WAS. / She sees you.
   Ona idzie z WAMI./ She is coming with you.
   Jest książka o WAS./ There is a book about you.

8. ONI mieszkają w Warszawie./ They live in Warsaw.
   On szuka ICH./ He is searching for them.
   Ona IM to zrobiła./ She did it to them. 
   Ona widzi ICH. / She sees them.
   Ona idzie z NIMI./ She is coming with them.
   Jest książka o NICH./ There is a book about them.

9. ONE mieszkają w Warszawie./ *They live in Warsaw.
   On szuka ICH./ He is searching for them.
   Ona IM to zrobiła./ She did it to them. 
   Ona widzi JE. / She sees them.
   Ona idzie z NIMI./ She is coming with them.
   Jest książka o NICH./ There is a book about them.
   *THEY for non-masculine